The Biological Importance of Water Essay Example

The Biological Importance of Water Paper Using the physical and chemical properties of water molecules discuss the biological importance of water. Life on Earth began in water and evolved over the course of 3 billion years before being able to spread onto land. Water is the substance the allows for the existence of any life at all on this planet. It makes up 70% of the human body, and equally large proportions of other living organisms. It also covers nearly three quarters of the Earth’s surface, shaping the face of this planet and the course of evolution over millions of years. Water molecules are polar molecules due to the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form this remain slightly positive (in the case of hydrogen) and negative (in the case of oxygen). These slightly positive and negative charges then form hydrogen bonds with oppositely charged atoms. This creates weak bonds with other water molecules, and hold the substance (water) together, which is called cohesion. This cohesion helps the transport of water and di ssolved nutrients against gravity in plants. When water evaporates from a leaf, the hydrogen bonds cause water molecules basically ‘stick’ to the sides of the veins in the leaf, which is called adhesion. Adhesion to the molecules in cell walls helps to counter the effects on gravity on the water, enabling it to be transported through water-conductive cells up to the leaves. This allows plants to provide nutrients for growth, water for photosynthesis, and ions for the maintenance of plant proteins (used for growth and creating amino acids) and preventing any ion deficiencies, keeping the plant healthy and allowing it to grow even more. Without this polarity of water molecules, water and dissolved nutrients would not be able to pass from the roots up to the leaves, meaning that plants as we know them would not be able to survive on Earth. Furthermore, water allows for life to be sustained by moderating surface and air temperature, as well as body temperature. We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Pingpong and My Father

Pingpong and My Father Free Online Research Papers Pingpong and My Father Example Admission Essay Question 200 Words or Less I enjoy sports a great deal, especially pingpong. As we all know, pingpong is one of the most popular sports in China. By playing pingpong I am able to keep healthy and find a way to better communicate with my father. When I was young, my father worked for a company located in another province, therefore, he only came back to see my mother and I when he was on holiday. I seldom communicated with him except over the phone. Later, my father was hired by Northeast Electric Power Institute. He began to live with us. In order to improve the relationship between us, one day my father asked me to play pingpogn match wth him, and I agreed. That match was really competitive, and the final scores got very near at last. How soon after that, we played pingpong together once a week. Thanks to pingpong, my father and I become good friends, I like talking with him. It is pingpong that set up the line between my father and I. Pingpong is very meaningful to both of us. Research Papers on Pingpong and My FatherComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Hockey GameRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionTrailblazing by Eric AndersonDefinition of Export QuotasEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia

Business decision making - reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business decision making - reflection - Essay Example For example, we also kept in mind the availability of housing for hospital staff. Even if site A would seem less costly to develop; still, we cannot decide simply based on costs. Quality must always be part of the decision process because a hospital is not just about medical equipment, it is more on providing services to the patients as well as to the employees. We have to choose from the best possible alternative that can reward us with the greatest pay-off coupled with minimal issues. For this reason, we arrived at Site B because even the insects would receive some benefits that we have planned. The first stage that we went through is identifying the problems and problem definition. Using the rational model, we need to properly determine what are the potential causes of problems for each site that we have to consider. In a rational decision model, we have to look into all possible alternatives so every bit of information that we can get hold would prove useful. When we were identif ying the problems, we decided to set out the criteria which were required. Each site would have to meet these criteria in order to be chosen as the optimum site. The basic criteria were: †¢ Good access points to and from the hospital. †¢ Produce a 15 – 20% return on shareholders’ investments. †¢ Easy to obtain staff, particularly of the high-skilled variety. †¢ Aesthetically pleasing. †¢ Gaining political support. †¢ Replacing the older hospitals in the region For example, we really needed to verify if Site A was a hazardous dump because there were hear says about the site. The only way to confirm such beliefs was to objectively make an investigation of the facts, so there is no room for mistakes. Although the group members were keen about the information gathering process, we observed that each member became very analytical. Everyone wanted to provide the best possible solution to the point that we became obsessive-compulsive. In fact, we also became directive in approaching one another especially when expressing our viewpoints verbally, at times, quite harshly. Our personal commitments were subdued in the interest of choosing the best decision. This rather slowed-down the decision making process because we often argued at the claims we are presenting during group meetings. The good thing is that we have some members who act as facilitators and reminded us about the value of team-work. When we have to sit down and look at the widest range of alternatives, we need to start considering not only the technical or financial elements involved but other important factors as well. We have to consider the political element, since we don’t want any protests that would involve bad publicity. However, aside from looking at possible moral issues, each of us has to change our attitude and look within ourselves. The team leader involved everyone in participative decision-making and allowed us to present solutions that are c reative – like relocating the animals to another place like what Saintburys Supermarket accomplished. We knew that if all of us helped one another in choosing the best alternative, the whole group would benefit from such a decision. We wanted a win-win outcome that would have the least possible disadvantage to all stakeholders. For one, we considered the political factor by knowing if our decision would have any effect on the campaign of MP Thompson. Furthermore, we liked the idea that it would not

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 - Essay Example The first two metaphors refer to cyclical events: the speaker compares his old age to winter (1) and to twilight (5). The decrease in length of time – from a year to a day – has often been commented on as reflecting the speaker's gradual acceptance of his own death, but an equally valid interpretation is that neither of these metaphors appropriately address the finality of dying. Winter takes place not just at the end of the year, but also at its beginning: the Christian notion of an afterlife comes across at full strength, along with hints that even if the speaker does believe in a life after death, they do not fully realize that such a life would be far removed from an earthly one. The use of twilight as a metaphor does represent an evolving acceptance of the end of life, as 'twilight' refers specifically to the end of the day. It does, however, have a twin in dawn, and is also not a true ending because it is part of a cyclical event. It is only in the final quatrain, which portrays a â€Å"fire† (9), that the speaker comes to realize the extent of their own mortality. Although other fires will no doubt exist in the future, each fire is an entity of itself, feeding so voraciously off its own nourishment that it gutters out. The fire is not cyclical, and offers little hope of returning to life, just like the speaker. All of the metaphors use very sensory imagery to portray their meanings. The speaker draws attention to the visual, invoking a picture of a young and old man standing opposite one another, as the old intones that â€Å"thou mayst in me behold† (1) the winter of life; â€Å"In me thou seest† (5) the twilight of life; and â€Å"In me thou se'est† (9) a dying fire. It is a very visible poem, but this is not the only sense with which Shakespeare plays. The evocation of â€Å"Bare ruin'd choirs† (4) creates a vacancy of sound, the ringing silence that occurs once the echoes of a song have dissipated; a f eeling of shivering cold emanates from â€Å"those boughs which shake against the cold† (3). The final two metaphors conjure forth a sense of darkness, a tunnel which draws one imperceptibly into the â€Å"black night [which] doth take away† (7), hampering the visual images from the earlier part of the poem. The reader is overwhelmed with sensory experience. The final couplet of the sonnet draws on the strong manipulations of time and one's senses to impress the reader with the deep significance of the multi-layered command. The speaker makes reference to the visual imagery of the earlier metaphors with â€Å"This thou perceivest† (13); he also asks the listener to love with more intensity, given his own decrepitude and the listener's own similar fate. Calling upon his own, shortened time, and the extended time of bodily decay of â€Å"thou† (1, 5, 9, 13), the speaker imbues his sparse words with multiple intentions in order to make the most out of the so nnet. The line â€Å"To love that well which thou must leave ere long† (14) asks the listener to love the speaker, whose time on this earth is limited, and to love their own youth before ageing takes them. The speaker's own horror of old age is tinged with fear that their younger companion is not enjoying

3.3 Financial Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3.3 Financial Analysis - Assignment Example ould likely result in liabilities hence previous trends and records of the organization can be used to assess the profitability of an organization as an investment opportunity (Ou & Penman 2009, pp.295–329). To understand the significance of the financial well-being of an organization, this paper will conduct a financial analysis of Chateau hotel redoubtable as an investment opportunity for the Smithsons. The core objective of investing in a business is to get a return for the price invested. Inferring to the statement of the financial position of the hotel basing on the analysis of two years (year ended December 30 2013 and 2014), the hotel made an improvement in the value of the total assets from â‚ ¬3,263, 000 to â‚ ¬3,881, 000. Additionally, the company made an improvement in the equity shares from 800 shares to 1000 shares with each of the share selling at â‚ ¬100. However, the company has an outstanding long-term loans and current liabilities with inclusion of the bank overdraft, payable dividend, taxation owing deposit by customers and payable-trade creditors cumulatively summing to â‚ ¬3,263, 000 for the financial year ended 2013 and â‚ ¬3,881, 000 for the financial year ended 2014. This implies that a liquidation of the assets of the company would be sufficient to settle the liabilities of the company without outstanding profit. However, inferring to the income statement of the company, it is evident that the rental income of the hotel had declined from â‚ ¬505, 000 in the year 2013 to â‚ ¬448, 000 in the year ended 2014. Analysis of the financial figures of the hotel indicates that the hotel is currently running at diminishing returns, which makes the chances for solvency and the resale of the company to be difficult. Equally, owing to the declining financial position of Chateau hotel redoubtable, the hotel is not profitable thus; investment in the hotel would demand a change in the strategy in the manner with which it is operated to realize profit.

Philosophical Arguments Of Plato And Aristotle

Philosophical Arguments Of Plato And Aristotle This paper tends to use known facts and dialogues as the starting point from which to draw inferences and solutions based on the philosophical arguments of Plato and Aristotle. THE PROBLEM OF CHANGE ARISTOTLE The basic notions of Aristotles philosophy of nature can be understood from his analysis of change. When Aristotle undertook to explain how it is that things change, a fact apparent to anyone, he had first to confront the seemingly iron-clad logic of Parmenides. According to Parmenides All change is mere appearance; reality is One, and this One, which only is, is unchanging. Parmenides had argued that there are only two alternatives for anything, being and non-being. No new being can come from non-being since nothing comes from nothing. Nor can new being come from being since what has being, already is and does not begin to be: being cannot come from being since it is already. The advance that Aristotle made over Parmenides consists in seeing that, although it is true that nothing can come from nothing, it is not entirely true that being cannot come from being. One must distinguish being-in-act from being-in-potency. While it is true that from being-in-act, being-in-act cannot come since it would already be. The alternative from which being can come is not non-being, but being-in-potency. From being-in- potency there can come being-in-act. Potency, in this case, is defined as the capacity for growth and development. ACCIDENTAL CHANGE In his analysis of change, Aristotle discovered that every change implies duality. It implies a subject in potency which, by the action of some agent, pases into act, i.e. receives some new perfection or actuality. Motion presupposes the acquisition of something and the corruption of something else. The subject of change is what stays the same through the change. However, through the change, it acquires something new and loses what it previously had. Motion implies a passive principle and an active principle, intrinsic to the thing that changes. This he described as accidental change. Thus, there are three principles necessary for change to take place. There must be something new that comes to be, something old that passes away, and something that stays the same throughout. In the Aristotelian tradition, these principles receive the names form, privation and matter. Form is what comes to be Privation is what passes away And matter is what stays the same throughout the change. In the case of a statue, the shape of the sculpture, Michelangelos David for instance, is the form that comes to be when a formless block of marble becomes a statue. The formlessness of the block is itself the privation of the statue shape, and the potency for the statue shape. The marble, first in block shape, later in David shape, is what stays the same throughout the change. The case of the coming to be of a statue is an instance of an accidental change; what changes are the accidents of the marble. What stays the same is the substance of the marble. SUBSTANCIAL CHANGE For Aristotle, motion is the technical name for changes in accidents. There are three kinds of motion for Aristotle: a change in quality (which he calls alteration), a change in quantity, size (called growth or diminution), and a change in place (called local motion). In all cases, motion, as such, is defined as the act of a being in potency insofar as it is in potency. Motion is the process that a substance goes through in which it loses one accidental form or actuality and gains another. Aristotle discovered these principles of nature (matter, form and privation) by analyzing accidental changes. He found that they could also explain the more fundamental kinds of changes, changes that involve the passing away and coming to be of substances. Example; If one admits that sodium and chlorine are different substances (and they certainly appear different one is a white metal, the other a green gas), and that they are each different from salt (also apparently so), then one can see that the change from sodium and chlorine to Sodium chloride (salt) is a substantial change. PLATO Plato argued that both the material objects perceived and the individual perceiving them are constantly changing; but, since knowledge must be concerned only with unchangeable and universal objects, knowledge and perception are fundamentally different. In his theory of forms Plato meant to solve the ethical and intellectual problems as well as that of change and permanence: How can the world appear to be both permanent and changing? The world we perceive through the senses seems to be always changing. The world that we perceive through the mind, using our concepts, seems to be permanent and unchanging. Which is most real and why does it appear both ways? These are the arguments Plato sought to solve. The general structure of the solution: Plato splits up existence into two realms: the material realm and the transcendent realm of forms. Humans have access to the realm of forms through the mind, through reason, given Platos theory of the subdivisions of the human soul. This gives them access to an unchanging world, invulnerable to the pains and changes of the material world. By detaching ourselves from the material world and our bodies and developing our ability to concern ourselves with the forms, we find a value which is not open to change or disintegration. This solves the first, ethical, problem. Splitting existence up into two realms also solves the problem of permanence and change. We perceive a different world, with different objects, through our mind than we do through the senses. It is the material world, perceived through the senses, that is changing. It is the realm of forms, perceived through the mind, that is permanent and immutable. It is this world that is more real; the world of change is merely an imperfect image of this world. A form- This is an abstract property or quality. Take any property of an object; separate it from that object and consider it by itself, and you are contemplating a form. Platos characterization of forms to explain permanence and change: The forms are transcendent- This means that they do not exist in space and time. A material object, for instance a basketball, exists at a particular place at a particular time. A form, the roundness, does not exist at any place or time. Therefore a form such as roundness will never change; it does not even exist in time. It is the same at all times or places in which it might be instantiated. The forms are also pure- This means that they are pure properties separated from all other properties. A material object, such as a basketball, has many properties: roundness, ballness, orangeness, elasticity, etc. These are all put together to make up this individual basketball. But the form, Roundness, is just pure roundness, without any other properties mixed in. In virtue of the fact that all objects in this world are copies of the forms, the forms are the causes of all that exists in this world. In general, whenever you want to explain why something is the way that it is, you point to some properties that the object has. That is, you explain what forms the object is a copy of. The forms are causes in two closely related ways: The forms are the causes of all our knowledge of all objects. The forms contribute all order and intelligibility to objects. Since we can only know something insofar as it has some order or form, the forms are the source of the intelligibility of all material objects. The forms are also the cause of the existence of all objects. Things are only said to exist insofar as they have order or structure or form. Hence, the forms are the causes of the existence of all objects as well as of their intelligibility. Plato uses the sun metaphor to explain how the forms in general, and the form of the Good in particular, are causes in these two ways. Just as the sun gives light which allows us to see objects, the form of the Good provides order and intelligibility to allow us to know objects. Just as the sun provides the energy for the nourishment and growth of all living things, so the form of the Good provides the order and structure which is the source of the existence of all things. REASON WHY WE THINK ARISTOTLES ARGUMENT IS MORE CREDIBLE: In place of Platos doctrine of Ideas with a separate and eternal existence of their own, Aristotle proposed a group of universals that represent the common properties of any group of real objects. The universals, unlike Platos Ideas, have no existence outside of the objects they represent. Aristotle sought a general combined principal approach, unlike Plato who insisted that the forms are the causes of the existence of all objects as well as of their intelligibility. Not implying that Plato was wrong but that Aristotles attribution of change to 3 principals seems to be logically acceptable i.e He did not separate Form from Privation nor from Matter. Form and matter, therefore, make up a substantial unity; one cannot have form without matter, nor matter without some form. But, one can still distinguish these principles, and also understand that these principles are real features of the things that exhibit them. Aristotle thought that Platos theory of forms with its two separate realms failed to explain what it was meant to explain. That is, it failed to explain how there could be permanence and order in this world and how we could have objective knowledge of this world. By separating the realm of forms from the material realm, Plato made it impossible to explain how the realm of forms made objectivity and permanence possible in the material world. The objectivity and permanence of the realm of forms does not help to explain the material world because the connection between the two worlds is so hard to understand. Aristotle and the Aristotelian philosophers used logic to criticize the theory. Gail fine went to an extreme to say: The theory of form is an unnecessary proposal. There is no need to split the world up into two separate realms in order to explain objectivity and permanence in our experience.6 Aristotle elaborated this general criticism into two more particular objections: 1. The obscurity of the notion imitation: According to Plato, material objects participate in or imitate the forms. It is in virtue of this relation to the realm of forms that material objects are knowable and have order. Yet, Aristotle argues, it is almost impossible to explain what exactly this participation or imitation is. The properties that the forms have (eternal, unchanging, transcendent, etc. ) are all incompatible with material objects. How, for example, can a white object be said to participate in or copy the form of whiteness? Is the form of whiteness white itself? How can there be whiteness without any thingwhich is white? What can a white object and the form of whiteness be said to have in common? It seems that the metaphor of imitation or participation seems to break down in these cases because of the special properties that Plato ascribes to the forms. The only link between the realm of forms and the material world, then, breaks down. The forms cannot explain anything in the material world. 2. The third man argument: This argument was first given by Plato himself in his later dialogues. It is related to the first objection, but is a more technical way of getting at the main problem with the theory of forms. The resemblance between any two material objects is explained by Plato in terms of their joint participation in a common form. A red book and a red flower, for example, resemble each other in virtue of being copies of the form of redness. Because they are copies of this form, they also resemble the form. But this resemblance between the red object and the form of redness must also be explained in terms of another form. What form does a red object and the form of redness both copy to account for their similarity? Whenever someone proposes another form that two similar things copy, we can always ask them to explain the similarity between the form and the objects. This will always require another form. The notion of imitation or copying used in the theory of forms, then, runs into logical difficu lties. The theory of forms really explains nothing about the similarity of objects; another form is always needed beyond the one proposed. Thus to explain the similarity between a man and the form of man, one needs a third form of man, and this always requires another form. The explanation of the original similarity is never given; it is only put off to the next level. This criticism paved the way for further criticism. As there was no logical connection between the transcendent forms and the material world, so many critics raised a question about the epistemological dimensions of this theory. Plato was of the view that real knowledge was knowledge of form and the ideal destiny of a man was to reach the realm of forms. But he didnt mentioned how to reach that realm. As it was above this material world, so whether there was a way to reach that realm in ones life or only death could take a man in that ideal realm. The idea of forms was very abstract and it wasnt clear enough to be accepted, un criticized. Plato didnt write much about his theory of forms and most of the written work was also not preserved. Pheodo was the first book to have this theory and later on in republic he explained it a bit. But this explanation was too little to make the theory clear. So the explanation was mostly rendered by the commentators of the theory. This became the major source of criticism on this theory. CONCLUSION: The criticism of Aristotle and Aristotelian philosophers, on this theory, is mostly of explanatory type. Had Plato written more or his books had been preserved, there might not have been that strong criticism on this theory. Even then the theory was powerful enough to split the philosophy and philosophers in two parts. Though a group of philosophers dont agree with the content of the theory but even they accept that this theory provided human beings with s new way to think and perceive the universe.

The Rocking Horse :: essays research papers fc

Within the story entitled The Rocking Horse Winner by D.H. Lawrence, the audience is divulged into the sordid family life of a adolescent boy named Paul, where there are three obvious morals told through the story’s style and symbolism. Also present within The Rocking Horse Winner are elements of supernaturalism and cold harsh reality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first distinct moral in The Rocking Horse Winner is that we must not let ourselves be succumbed to greed and the need for materialistic items over our responsibilities in life. The mother and father’s obsession with wealth and material items is at battle with their parenting responsibilities within The Rocking Horse Winner. The mother and father have replaced love with the constant, overwhelming desire for additional money. It is the responsibility of the parents to provide for the children in their family. Especially, where as young children are concerned, they should never feel the need to provide for their parents. The Rocking Horse Winner portrays the financial destruction of an upper class family struggling to maintain their high level status while regularly spending beyond their means. The mother and father have expensive tastes that can not be supported with their mere common jobs. In order to give their family the best and retain their illicit s tatus, both parents embezzle all of their resources to -1- purchase materialistic things. The Rocking Horse Winner depicts how greed and the need possessions and money drives a member of this upper class family to resort to drastic measures. (Lawrence; The Rocking Horse Winner Study Guide)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second obvious moral to The Rocking Horse Winner is that often one does not realize what they have and how they we feel about it until it is gone. Early on within the story we learned that Paul’s mother had attractive, bonny children. Yet, â€Å"when her children were present she always felt the center of heart go hard†. She knew â€Å"that there was a place in the center of her heart where she could not feel love for anybody, not even her children†. Later on in the story, the mother goes on to show her emotions and love when she has â€Å"seizures of uneasiness† about Paul and finds him fiercely riding his rocking horse into unconsciousness and finally plumaging to his death. When she is presented with losing her child, she realizes what she had, a little too late. (Lawrence p.980, 988)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The third apparent moral to The Rocking Horse Winner is even if you have good luck, eventually it will run out.

Elements of Poetry: Order for Mask Essay

Speaker: The Speaker is woman portraying three different roles (SISTER, DAUGHTER and LOVER) Audience: The maker of the masks is the audience. Content: The poem is all about a woman who is playing three roles. She shapes her behavior, action and personality in accordance to the needs of the men in her life. In our opinion this degrades the status of the woman as it reduces her whole being to mere instruments that satisfies and pleases men’s needs and wants. Furthermore, this conclusion is compensated by the other fact that poem is trying to imply. It also shows that the woman, through her ability to make the men in her life see and believe what she wants them to, in other words she can manipulate what she wants the men in her life to believe what she is through that â€Å"mask†. Theme: We believe that the main idea of the story is about women in the society. It’s about what women do to satisfy the needs of the people around them. Shape and Form: The poem is a free verse. It does not follow a pattern. Mood or Tone: In each role she partakes it has a different mood. When she played the role of a sister she felt anger that is why she doesn’t want to be like him. When she was playing the role of a daughter her mood is calm or somewhat pure to match the things that her father wants her to be – pure, innocent and chaste, leading him to believe that she is the perfect daughter. Lastly when she is portraying the role of a lover her mood is a mixture of hatred and love, passion and disgust because her lover had raised his hand on her that left a mark so that’s where the hatred and disgust comes from yet she is still in love and pure of passion with that man because she still wants to be beautiful and presentable in his presence. Imagery: The poet wants us to imagine the roles that women play in our everyday life and what they to satisfy our needs and wants. Diction: The poet chose to express the woman identity by describing her when she wears the masks in the presence of each man in her life. Figurative Language: Allusion

Implication of Total Quality Management (Tqm) in Motorola Industry Essay Example

Implication of Total Quality Management (Tqm) in Motorola Industry Essay Example Implication of Total Quality Management (Tqm) in Motorola Industry Paper Implication of Total Quality Management (Tqm) in Motorola Industry Paper Implication of Total Quality Management (TQM) in Motorola industry Total Quality Management: Motorola Quality System Review or QSR Introduction Total quality management is considered as a management approach that was first used during the 1950’s and has become popular during the early of 1980’s. Total quality is considered as a total description of the  culture, attitude as well as the organization of the company that is in focus of providing their customers with their  productsor services that will meet the demands and preferences of their customers. Furthermore, the  culture  requires quality in all aspects of the company’s operations, with the different processes that are being done right the first time and defects as well as the waste eradicated from the different operations (Hashmi 2008). TQM is a method that is used where in the management as well as the employees are all involved in their continuous improvement of the production of goods as well as services. It can also be considered as the combination of quality as well as the different  management tools  that focus at the increasing the growth of the business as well as reducing the losses that was caused by different unimportant or useless practices (Hashmi 2008). Motorola is only one of many companies that apply the principle of TQM in their organizational  culture. Motorola Inc focuses on their sales victory in  the global  market in the industry of electronic  components  as well as equipment. The company is doing it by improving the quality of their  products  by improving their productivity and overall performance (Baldrige National Quality Program 2002). During 1981, the company had launched their ambitious project that drives for a tenfold of improvement in the quality of their  products  as well as their services. The said project had been successful; the evidence is that most of the  products  of the company are considered as number one or the best in their class. The company is still striving for the best and looking forward to target their goal of  Zero defects in everything we do  (Baldrige National Quality Program 2002). With accordance to the said project, the managers of the said company are also literally carrying the corporate objective of the company and that is the total  customer  satisfaction. They are wearing a pocket that has a  printed  card that states the said objective. Furthermore, those upper management officials are also open in serving their customers by wearing pagers in order for them to be available to their customers. Furthermore, they are also visiting the different businesses of their customers in order to conduct a  survey that  will let the company know about their customers’ likes as well as dislikes towards their  products  (Baldrige National Quality Program 2002). Above all, the company is also implementing a system that handles the information and data that have been gathered using the all-embracing network of the  customer  surveys, complaint hotlines, filed audits as well as other significant measures about the feedback of the customers, together with the guidelines in planning for the quality improvement and development of the  product  (Baldrige National Quality Program 2002). Quality-Assessment Systems In order to evaluate as well as improve the quality-system maturity of any organization, there are many quality-assessment systems, quality-audit systems as well as international, local as well as military standards that vary in level of scope, depth and the purpose (Craig 1996, p. 730). Maturity models are commonly a subset of an assessment system that is designed in order to assist as well as to test for the maturity of a specific element that is included in quality model. If you are going to look at the element-by-element basis, the approach of the organization to an element that is being reviewed for the strategic linkage, depth as well as the appropriateness of the application. On the other hand, the deployment is being reviewed in order to determine the scope in which the approach is being implemented; the results will again be reviewed with relation to the appropriate benchmarks as well as the rates of improvement (Craig 1996, p. 730). In order to do the quality-assessment systems, an organization that will be assessed is consulted in ahead of time. The said organization will be given a chance in order to  input  into the process. When the said event happens, the organization that is about to be reviewed will request for the request of comprehensive lists of different strengths, together with the opportunities for the improvement that serves as the outputs from the different processes. Eventually, a reasonable amount of learning will be taken place throughout the process of assessment (Craig 1996, p. 30). Once the assessment has been done, an important opportunity for the training department to review the output of the assessment as well as to put up a strategy for training and improvement plan (Craig 1996, p. 730). Motorola Quality System Review or QSR The quality system review or QSR is part of the total  quality management program  of Motorola. It serve as an assessment vehicle where in the corporation e valuates the continuing health of the quality system in each of the major business unit as well as suppliers of the company. The main focus of the said program is to identify the image of the how the business should be conducted. Furthermore, it also focus on the setting the common goal of perfection that help to provide an awareness of the quality-system requirements across the whole organization (Craig 1996, p. 730p. 730). Above all, the said project is a method that is used in order to give opportunity for the cross-fertilization of different ideas as well as serve to a routinely refocus of the organization to the quality of their  product  (Craig 1996, p. 30p. 730). The main method that is used in the said project is a formally documented QSR form for assessment, together with the procedures review. The review team handles the entire project that reflects the macro view of the different  subjects  from the different business unit as well as suppliers (Craig 1996, p. 730p. 730). It is considered as a formal survey where in the  customer  evaluates the continuing health of the supplierâ€℠¢s quality system. It is intended to lead to continuous improvement as well as to assure that the quality system of the supplier is effective in order to achieve the total satisfaction of the customers. The main purpose of the QSR of Motorola is to assess and therefore, compare the quality system of the supplier to the ideal system. Furthermore, the process of reviewing the quality subsystem can help the company to know more about their strengths, weaknesses as well as the opportunities that will open for the improvement (Weinstein Johnson 1999, p. 218). The QSR is designed in order to assess the quality of the efforts that are being exerted by every division (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). Quality System Review and Organizational Change In order for the company to deal with the project of the Total Quality Management or the TQM, reorganization is a must. The company had been able to recreate their organizational structure based on the plan of the TQM, and that is to connect all of the stakeholders of the company from the upper level management up to the lower level management, together with the customers as well as the suppliers. The upper level management of the company had been able to implement several quality trainings in order to make sure that the negative effects that will be encountered by the company during the change will be prevented. Table 1 shows the quality training of the managers of the company with accordance to the implementation of the project of quality system review. Table 1 Quality Training Senior Executives |Basic awareness |Strategic quality |Conducting quality |Motivating teams |Correlating results | | | |planning |reviews | | | |Middle Managers |Basic awareness |Conducting |Effective action |Implementing solutions |Managing quality | | | |self-assessment |planning | |improvement | |Manufacturing Associates |Basic awareness |Quality tool training |Interpreting data |Team problem solving |Implement solutions | |Administrative and |Basic awareness |Quality tool training |Interpreting data |Team problem solving |Implement solutions | |Support | | | | | | In order for the company to imple ment their project of application their internal quality management, they had been able to train the different upper level management or those managers who belongs to the upper position. The said process has been done in order to make sure that they know the different strategies and plan that must be done in order to follow the general protocol or standard of the company in terms of quality control with accordance to their total quality management. The primary reason of the company about the application of their own internal Quality System Review is to survive during their time. It is due to the fact that during the said time, the company had struggle from their competitor due to the fact that the quality of their products are not that high. That is the reason why the company decided to focus on meeting the needs and demands of their customers with regards to the reliability as well as the usability of their products (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). That is why the company had decided to increase their participation in the process of goal-setting as well as the increase in the involvement in the process of improving the culture of the quality in the organization as a whole (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233) Quality System Review and Management In order for the company to implement their Total Quality Management as well as to prevent the negative impact of change in the mentality as well as performance of the employees towards the company. The QSR have been implemented. The QSR had helped the company to connect to their employees in order to make sure that they are being understood as well as being followed by the employees. Furthermore, the said project enables the company to promote unity as well as teamwork inside the company. In addition to that, the said project also enables the company to promote initiative inside the company (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The management of the company had decided to create their scoring system in order to evaluate the performance of a specific department. For instance, a category can examine the quality of management systems. On the other hand, one sub-category under the said title will be concerned with the extent that the management solicits, accepts as well as rewards feedback from the work force itself (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). The scoring for the said element varies from poor meaning there is no system that exists for the solicitation of different ideas from the employees up to the outstanding, meaning, the individual or the group that is being assessed is practicing team unity and following the general standard of the company (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). The fact that the company had implemented the scoring approach, it had served as a driver for motivation due to the fact that having or garnering the rate of outstanding will serve as an ego-booster for the employees. That is the reason why they are striving and working at their best. The said project had helped to distribute good ides to the other parts of the organization as well as serve as an aid in the creative and empowering processes (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 234). That is why most of the employees are empowered in order to improve the different processes, transactions, services as well as administrative quality and they are active and involved in the quality improvement teams (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). Furthermore, the management of the company also provides different active leadership of the employees by letting them participate in the process of the continuous improvement (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). The main advantage of the management of the company is that it had been able to relate the goal setting to the effort of the employees or the forces of each individual from each and every unit, in order for them to be involved in the goal-setting and decision-making process (Cooper Locke 2000, p. 233). Conclusion The overall and continuous implementation of the Total Quality Management and Quality System Review of Motorola can be said that had been successful. That is due to the fact that the company had become one of the most successful companies in the world who applied the principle of TQM as well as one of the most awarded companies when it comes to their implementation of the QSR. Another important thing is that the customers of the company are satisfied about the products as well as the services that they are offering. That is why the company had become one of the most trusted brands worldwide. The company had been able to monitor the activities as well as the performance of its different stakeholders such as the suppliers. The suppliers are important because they are the one that provide the different important hardware as well as software that will help the company to produce and manufacture their product and sell it to market. The company is using its own Quality System Reviews towards their suppliers in order to assess the quality system of their suppliers every two years. They are being scored based on the items or subjects about the control over the processes as well as their ability to develop new products (United States General Accounting Office n. d. , p. 3). The said method or approach had helped the company to monitor the individual performance of its different business units, groups as well as the performance of an individual that helped to properly monitor the whole processes of the company that reflect to their performance. In terms of management, the company had been able to handle the different effects or impact of organizational change towards the motivation as wells as performance of their employees. The company also had enable to reconstruct or reorganize the physical and power structure of the company, in order for them to perform with accordance to the plan of initiative or team work. Another important aspect that had been showed by the company is the clearness of their communication process and communication activities throughout the implementation of the project as well as the maintenance process or stage of the company. The upper level management had been able to communicate well within their level as well as communicate and reach out to the lower management. The planning and controlling phase of the said project had been implemented and deployed properly due to the fact that their have been many programs and activities that had been done such as mentoring and coaching. The said two practices are considered as two of the most important approach or method that can be used in the project management in order to lessen as well as prevent the bad or negative impact of the change to the mentality and performance of the employees. The said planning and controlling process of the company had been able to prevent the refusal to change of the employees by letting them know the real reason behind the project as well as it’s positive impact to them as well as to the overall performance of the company. References: Cooper, G Locke, E 2000,  Industrial and Organizational Psychology,  Blackwell Publishing Craig, R (ed. ) 1996,  The ASTD Training and Development Handbook: A Guide to Human Resource Development,  4th  edn. McGraw-Hill Professional Haynes, M 2002,  Project Management: Practical Tools for Success,  Thomson Crisp Learning Hashmi, K 2008,  Introduction and Implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM),  iSixSigma, viewed 16 April 2008, Heerkens, G 2001,  Project Management,  McGraw-Hill Professional Lewis, J 2002,  Fundamentals of Project Management: Developing Core Competencies to Help Outperform the Competition,  2nd  edn. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn Malcom Baldrige National Quality Award 1988 Winner Motorola Inc. 2002, Balbridge National Quality Program, viewed 16 April 2008, Meredith, J Mantel, S 2005,  Project Management: A Managerial Approach,  John Wiley United States General Accounting Office,  Best Practices Commercial Quality Assurance,  DIANE Publishing Weinstein, Q Johnson, W 1999,  Designing and Delivering Superior Customer Value: Concepts, Cases and Applications,  CRC Press Read more:  http://webcache. googleusercontent. com/search? q=cache:http://ivythesis. typepad. com/term_paper_topics/2010/04/total-quality-management-motorola-quality-system-review-or-qsr. html#ixzz1fl9om22k

DECLARATION OF FITNESS TO SIT EXAMINATION Essays - Investment

DECLARATION OF FITNESS TO SIT EXAMINATION Essays - Investment PLEASE DETACH AND HAND IN THIS PAGE SEPARATELY DECLARATION OF FITNESS TO SIT EXAMINATION Students must complete the information below. Please refer to the front of your examination paper for further information. School (please tick one)Business SchoolLaw School ProgrammeBSc Business Management ExaminationPortfolio Management Date01/05/2015 NameQadeer Niazi I am not aware of any medical or other extenuating circumstances that would impair my performance in this examinationSignature Q.Niazi .. This sheet will be collected by an invigilator during the examination. Please do not leave your desk until it has been collected Table of Contents Q2.3 Q.34 3b. M&S October Long Call4 M&S October Long Put4 References5 THIS IS MONEY5 CRINAGE, S.5 FINANCIAL TIMES5 WEALTHADVISER.CO5 Q2. As the elections are getting close, in the preliminary voting period, it can be said that most of the ambiguity will cause an affect in the foreign exchange market and of course the Sterling, as the clock ticks the value is said to be the most subtle tool for quantifying investors sentiment. Speaking of the reactions of bond markets and equity, it could be said that its unresponsive. Guy Ellison, head of UK equity research at Investec Wealth & Investment, says: Clearly the outcome of the election is uncertain, and markets dont like uncertainty. The bond investors value certainty, but there are high chances for them being disappointed due to the results. There will be improbability about the configuration of the potential referendums and the government, which may tend to cause an increase in the term premium causing a result of rise in the gilt yields. The elections could also cause instability in the interest rates. If for instance the interest rate tends to rise, the prices of bond would subsequently fall causing a simultaneous effect on the GDP, which would lead to a fall in all equity prices. In addition to that, it is expected that there may be a result of fall in new investments due to the instability which could bring pauses in investment plans and cause companies to delay financial investment strategies. Investors will tend to pull back and show lack of interest causing and effect to the stock prices that simultaneously cause uncertainty in the stock market. The Equity market is determined on global developments similar to the bonds, exclusively as a few three quarter of the FTSE 1100 earnings and revenues are spawned from overseas In order to confront such scenarios or at least play safe, a few strategies need to be revised by the investment team/investment managers. The investment managers should broaden the investment in bond markets as is it can be considered as a good option, the managers are recommended to diversify the investment of customers as much as possible. The managers should invest in markets or sectors with a correlation between -1 up to about 0, which shall minimise the risk of making a loss. Q.3 Explain the difference to an investor between holding a long European Call and holding a short European Put position on a companys shares. In a long European call one get the options to purchase shares at the fixed strike on a certain date, however, in the short put option the investor is obliged to buy the share at the fixed rate in the future. The short put is relatively a better option as it gives a higher premium compared to the long call holding. 3b. M&S October Long Call Values Strike price 440equilibrium 430 share 10 If the investor buys M&S long call option, the likely chances of making a loss would be of 0.10 per share which is the premium free of purchasing the long call. M&S October Long Put Value 425.7 strike price Share 10 Equilibrium For the M&S long put share options the investor will be expecting the price of the underlying security will go considerably below the strike price before the expiry date. References THIS IS MONEY Should investors worry about the election outcome? In-text: (This is Money, 2015) Bibliography: This is Money, (2015). Should investors worry about the election outcome?. [online] Available at: thisismoney.co.uk/money/investing/article-3057669/Should-investors-worry-election-outcome.html [Accessed 30 April 2015]. CRINAGE, S. Investment, uncertainty and the 2015 UK General Election [for use with your clients] In-text: (Crinage, 2015) Bibliography: Crinage, S. (2015). Investment, uncertainty and the 2015 UK General Election [for use with your clients]. [online] Commentary & analysis. Available at: http://insights.jpmorgan.co.uk/adviser/commentary-and-analysis/investment-uncertainty-and-the-2015-uk-general-election/ [Accessed 30 April 2015]. FINANCIAL TIMES UK election risk hovers on horizon for markets - FT.com In-text: (Financial Times, 2015) Bibliography: Financial Times, (2015).

Historical Analysis of English Language from 1821-1916 Research Paper

Historical Analysis of English Language from 1821-1916 - Research Paper Example The immigrant groups like Dutch, French and Germans settled in various parts of the nation. However, in these racial enclaves, we find that the conducting of church services was done in the community’s native language and church-affiliated and private schools used the native languages of the children as the major teaching medium (James 126). Additionally, some of the schools did not teach English language as a first language but as a second language; whereas some others used the English language as a second medium of teaching. For the purposes of appealing to the minority communities or groups, bilingual programs were also started by some public schools. The manner in which the language minority groups and languages were treated in a liberal way went on until the First World War. The focus of high school English in American schools is on basic literary, the appropriate language use for public and personal reasons, as well as the development of a gratitude for and appreciation for different kinds of literature. Every year in the English curriculum, we find that the purpose of the study plan is meant to focus on building on the skills learned previously whereas expanding the exposure of the student to the literature’s realm. The National Council of Teachers has in fact described twelve standards that must be taught in the causes of English Language Arts (Ravitch 172). ... this in consideration, below is a sample of example of the courses that an ideal English curriculum study plan in the American high schools may consist of every year of the learning course (Scarvia 47). Year 1 English one This is the introductory for the English in high school. Here students are taught the basics of the process of writing which include the constructions of thesis statements together with the writing of essays. The process also includes the study of vocabulary and grammar (Parkerson & Parkerson 122). In literature terms, students mainly closely look at the style of every author, plot and theme. Eventually students are taught about and practice public speaking and practice research skills. Year 2 English two English two continues with the building on the fundamental principles that the students learn about in English one. The focus of students here is on the expansion of their informal and forma forms of the written expression. The students work through every step of t he process of writing starting from the pre-writing to the final drafts (Parkerson & Parkerson 126). They continue with their learning about grammar and expansion of their vocabulary knowledge. In terms of literature, we find that they continue focusing on enhancing their comprehension and understanding whereas recognizing plot and theme. In addition, they also review the use of literary devices by each and every author. They are expected relay information orally and then learn more concerning the techniques of correct research. Year 3 English three With this section, the students major particularly on the American literature. In most instances, this course can be integrated with the history of America successfully. They continue working on their informal and formal forms of the written

Biology - DB 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biology - DB 1 - Assignment Example set-up equipped with tools and appliances that enables smooth operation and achievement of the objectives of the organization (Kietrys, Szopa, & BaÃŒ §kowska-Zywicka, 2009). In an analogy comparison of an organizational operation system to the organelles, a chloroplast could be compared to a solar panel. This is because the function of the chloroplast in a plant cell is to trap the solar energy for photosynthesis thus contributes to the manufacture of glucose for the sell. In the same nature, a solar panel traps the suns energy that is converted to electrical energy for provision of power for the functions in an organization. Analogical representation of a mitochondrion in an organization is a furnace. Just as a furnace is responsible for the boosting of the backing energy, a mitochondrion is responsible for the production of energy through the action of cellular respiration. A cell membrane can be compared to the security system in an organization that helps in controlling the entry of substances in an out of the cell. A vacuole could be like a store room in an organization that helps in the storage of surplus. Energy is the utmost requirement for the functionality of an organism. Unlike plant cells that can manufacture their energy through the process of photosynthesis, animal cells can only acquire their energy supplies through the consumption of other energy sources. The core benefit that would accrue in case animals can manufacture their energy would be a reduction in the depletion of the ecosystem by the human in drive for acquisition of energy. Humans would not be able to cut down trees or practice agricultural activities that lead to soil erosion since they will not need fuel or crops to acquire energy (Milius, 2010). Genetic engineering has been at the cornerstone in ensuring that there is an increase in productive efficiency for both plants and animals. Nevertheless, application of genetic engineering to enable the animal cells to manufacture their