The Biological Importance of Water Essay Example

The Biological Importance of Water Paper Using the physical and chemical properties of water molecules discuss the biological importance of water. Life on Earth began in water and evolved over the course of 3 billion years before being able to spread onto land. Water is the substance the allows for the existence of any life at all on this planet. It makes up 70% of the human body, and equally large proportions of other living organisms. It also covers nearly three quarters of the Earth’s surface, shaping the face of this planet and the course of evolution over millions of years. Water molecules are polar molecules due to the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form this remain slightly positive (in the case of hydrogen) and negative (in the case of oxygen). These slightly positive and negative charges then form hydrogen bonds with oppositely charged atoms. This creates weak bonds with other water molecules, and hold the substance (water) together, which is called cohesion. This cohesion helps the transport of water and di ssolved nutrients against gravity in plants. When water evaporates from a leaf, the hydrogen bonds cause water molecules basically ‘stick’ to the sides of the veins in the leaf, which is called adhesion. Adhesion to the molecules in cell walls helps to counter the effects on gravity on the water, enabling it to be transported through water-conductive cells up to the leaves. This allows plants to provide nutrients for growth, water for photosynthesis, and ions for the maintenance of plant proteins (used for growth and creating amino acids) and preventing any ion deficiencies, keeping the plant healthy and allowing it to grow even more. Without this polarity of water molecules, water and dissolved nutrients would not be able to pass from the roots up to the leaves, meaning that plants as we know them would not be able to survive on Earth. Furthermore, water allows for life to be sustained by moderating surface and air temperature, as well as body temperature. We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Biological Importance of Water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Pingpong and My Father

Pingpong and My Father Free Online Research Papers Pingpong and My Father Example Admission Essay Question 200 Words or Less I enjoy sports a great deal, especially pingpong. As we all know, pingpong is one of the most popular sports in China. By playing pingpong I am able to keep healthy and find a way to better communicate with my father. When I was young, my father worked for a company located in another province, therefore, he only came back to see my mother and I when he was on holiday. I seldom communicated with him except over the phone. Later, my father was hired by Northeast Electric Power Institute. He began to live with us. In order to improve the relationship between us, one day my father asked me to play pingpogn match wth him, and I agreed. That match was really competitive, and the final scores got very near at last. How soon after that, we played pingpong together once a week. Thanks to pingpong, my father and I become good friends, I like talking with him. It is pingpong that set up the line between my father and I. Pingpong is very meaningful to both of us. Research Papers on Pingpong and My FatherComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Hockey GameRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionTrailblazing by Eric AndersonDefinition of Export QuotasEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia

Business decision making - reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business decision making - reflection - Essay Example For example, we also kept in mind the availability of housing for hospital staff. Even if site A would seem less costly to develop; still, we cannot decide simply based on costs. Quality must always be part of the decision process because a hospital is not just about medical equipment, it is more on providing services to the patients as well as to the employees. We have to choose from the best possible alternative that can reward us with the greatest pay-off coupled with minimal issues. For this reason, we arrived at Site B because even the insects would receive some benefits that we have planned. The first stage that we went through is identifying the problems and problem definition. Using the rational model, we need to properly determine what are the potential causes of problems for each site that we have to consider. In a rational decision model, we have to look into all possible alternatives so every bit of information that we can get hold would prove useful. When we were identif ying the problems, we decided to set out the criteria which were required. Each site would have to meet these criteria in order to be chosen as the optimum site. The basic criteria were: †¢ Good access points to and from the hospital. †¢ Produce a 15 – 20% return on shareholders’ investments. †¢ Easy to obtain staff, particularly of the high-skilled variety. †¢ Aesthetically pleasing. †¢ Gaining political support. †¢ Replacing the older hospitals in the region For example, we really needed to verify if Site A was a hazardous dump because there were hear says about the site. The only way to confirm such beliefs was to objectively make an investigation of the facts, so there is no room for mistakes. Although the group members were keen about the information gathering process, we observed that each member became very analytical. Everyone wanted to provide the best possible solution to the point that we became obsessive-compulsive. In fact, we also became directive in approaching one another especially when expressing our viewpoints verbally, at times, quite harshly. Our personal commitments were subdued in the interest of choosing the best decision. This rather slowed-down the decision making process because we often argued at the claims we are presenting during group meetings. The good thing is that we have some members who act as facilitators and reminded us about the value of team-work. When we have to sit down and look at the widest range of alternatives, we need to start considering not only the technical or financial elements involved but other important factors as well. We have to consider the political element, since we don’t want any protests that would involve bad publicity. However, aside from looking at possible moral issues, each of us has to change our attitude and look within ourselves. The team leader involved everyone in participative decision-making and allowed us to present solutions that are c reative – like relocating the animals to another place like what Saintburys Supermarket accomplished. We knew that if all of us helped one another in choosing the best alternative, the whole group would benefit from such a decision. We wanted a win-win outcome that would have the least possible disadvantage to all stakeholders. For one, we considered the political factor by knowing if our decision would have any effect on the campaign of MP Thompson. Furthermore, we liked the idea that it would not

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 - Essay Example The first two metaphors refer to cyclical events: the speaker compares his old age to winter (1) and to twilight (5). The decrease in length of time – from a year to a day – has often been commented on as reflecting the speaker's gradual acceptance of his own death, but an equally valid interpretation is that neither of these metaphors appropriately address the finality of dying. Winter takes place not just at the end of the year, but also at its beginning: the Christian notion of an afterlife comes across at full strength, along with hints that even if the speaker does believe in a life after death, they do not fully realize that such a life would be far removed from an earthly one. The use of twilight as a metaphor does represent an evolving acceptance of the end of life, as 'twilight' refers specifically to the end of the day. It does, however, have a twin in dawn, and is also not a true ending because it is part of a cyclical event. It is only in the final quatrain, which portrays a â€Å"fire† (9), that the speaker comes to realize the extent of their own mortality. Although other fires will no doubt exist in the future, each fire is an entity of itself, feeding so voraciously off its own nourishment that it gutters out. The fire is not cyclical, and offers little hope of returning to life, just like the speaker. All of the metaphors use very sensory imagery to portray their meanings. The speaker draws attention to the visual, invoking a picture of a young and old man standing opposite one another, as the old intones that â€Å"thou mayst in me behold† (1) the winter of life; â€Å"In me thou seest† (5) the twilight of life; and â€Å"In me thou se'est† (9) a dying fire. It is a very visible poem, but this is not the only sense with which Shakespeare plays. The evocation of â€Å"Bare ruin'd choirs† (4) creates a vacancy of sound, the ringing silence that occurs once the echoes of a song have dissipated; a f eeling of shivering cold emanates from â€Å"those boughs which shake against the cold† (3). The final two metaphors conjure forth a sense of darkness, a tunnel which draws one imperceptibly into the â€Å"black night [which] doth take away† (7), hampering the visual images from the earlier part of the poem. The reader is overwhelmed with sensory experience. The final couplet of the sonnet draws on the strong manipulations of time and one's senses to impress the reader with the deep significance of the multi-layered command. The speaker makes reference to the visual imagery of the earlier metaphors with â€Å"This thou perceivest† (13); he also asks the listener to love with more intensity, given his own decrepitude and the listener's own similar fate. Calling upon his own, shortened time, and the extended time of bodily decay of â€Å"thou† (1, 5, 9, 13), the speaker imbues his sparse words with multiple intentions in order to make the most out of the so nnet. The line â€Å"To love that well which thou must leave ere long† (14) asks the listener to love the speaker, whose time on this earth is limited, and to love their own youth before ageing takes them. The speaker's own horror of old age is tinged with fear that their younger companion is not enjoying

3.3 Financial Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3.3 Financial Analysis - Assignment Example ould likely result in liabilities hence previous trends and records of the organization can be used to assess the profitability of an organization as an investment opportunity (Ou & Penman 2009, pp.295–329). To understand the significance of the financial well-being of an organization, this paper will conduct a financial analysis of Chateau hotel redoubtable as an investment opportunity for the Smithsons. The core objective of investing in a business is to get a return for the price invested. Inferring to the statement of the financial position of the hotel basing on the analysis of two years (year ended December 30 2013 and 2014), the hotel made an improvement in the value of the total assets from â‚ ¬3,263, 000 to â‚ ¬3,881, 000. Additionally, the company made an improvement in the equity shares from 800 shares to 1000 shares with each of the share selling at â‚ ¬100. However, the company has an outstanding long-term loans and current liabilities with inclusion of the bank overdraft, payable dividend, taxation owing deposit by customers and payable-trade creditors cumulatively summing to â‚ ¬3,263, 000 for the financial year ended 2013 and â‚ ¬3,881, 000 for the financial year ended 2014. This implies that a liquidation of the assets of the company would be sufficient to settle the liabilities of the company without outstanding profit. However, inferring to the income statement of the company, it is evident that the rental income of the hotel had declined from â‚ ¬505, 000 in the year 2013 to â‚ ¬448, 000 in the year ended 2014. Analysis of the financial figures of the hotel indicates that the hotel is currently running at diminishing returns, which makes the chances for solvency and the resale of the company to be difficult. Equally, owing to the declining financial position of Chateau hotel redoubtable, the hotel is not profitable thus; investment in the hotel would demand a change in the strategy in the manner with which it is operated to realize profit.

Philosophical Arguments Of Plato And Aristotle

Philosophical Arguments Of Plato And Aristotle This paper tends to use known facts and dialogues as the starting point from which to draw inferences and solutions based on the philosophical arguments of Plato and Aristotle. THE PROBLEM OF CHANGE ARISTOTLE The basic notions of Aristotles philosophy of nature can be understood from his analysis of change. When Aristotle undertook to explain how it is that things change, a fact apparent to anyone, he had first to confront the seemingly iron-clad logic of Parmenides. According to Parmenides All change is mere appearance; reality is One, and this One, which only is, is unchanging. Parmenides had argued that there are only two alternatives for anything, being and non-being. No new being can come from non-being since nothing comes from nothing. Nor can new being come from being since what has being, already is and does not begin to be: being cannot come from being since it is already. The advance that Aristotle made over Parmenides consists in seeing that, although it is true that nothing can come from nothing, it is not entirely true that being cannot come from being. One must distinguish being-in-act from being-in-potency. While it is true that from being-in-act, being-in-act cannot come since it would already be. The alternative from which being can come is not non-being, but being-in-potency. From being-in- potency there can come being-in-act. Potency, in this case, is defined as the capacity for growth and development. ACCIDENTAL CHANGE In his analysis of change, Aristotle discovered that every change implies duality. It implies a subject in potency which, by the action of some agent, pases into act, i.e. receives some new perfection or actuality. Motion presupposes the acquisition of something and the corruption of something else. The subject of change is what stays the same through the change. However, through the change, it acquires something new and loses what it previously had. Motion implies a passive principle and an active principle, intrinsic to the thing that changes. This he described as accidental change. Thus, there are three principles necessary for change to take place. There must be something new that comes to be, something old that passes away, and something that stays the same throughout. In the Aristotelian tradition, these principles receive the names form, privation and matter. Form is what comes to be Privation is what passes away And matter is what stays the same throughout the change. In the case of a statue, the shape of the sculpture, Michelangelos David for instance, is the form that comes to be when a formless block of marble becomes a statue. The formlessness of the block is itself the privation of the statue shape, and the potency for the statue shape. The marble, first in block shape, later in David shape, is what stays the same throughout the change. The case of the coming to be of a statue is an instance of an accidental change; what changes are the accidents of the marble. What stays the same is the substance of the marble. SUBSTANCIAL CHANGE For Aristotle, motion is the technical name for changes in accidents. There are three kinds of motion for Aristotle: a change in quality (which he calls alteration), a change in quantity, size (called growth or diminution), and a change in place (called local motion). In all cases, motion, as such, is defined as the act of a being in potency insofar as it is in potency. Motion is the process that a substance goes through in which it loses one accidental form or actuality and gains another. Aristotle discovered these principles of nature (matter, form and privation) by analyzing accidental changes. He found that they could also explain the more fundamental kinds of changes, changes that involve the passing away and coming to be of substances. Example; If one admits that sodium and chlorine are different substances (and they certainly appear different one is a white metal, the other a green gas), and that they are each different from salt (also apparently so), then one can see that the change from sodium and chlorine to Sodium chloride (salt) is a substantial change. PLATO Plato argued that both the material objects perceived and the individual perceiving them are constantly changing; but, since knowledge must be concerned only with unchangeable and universal objects, knowledge and perception are fundamentally different. In his theory of forms Plato meant to solve the ethical and intellectual problems as well as that of change and permanence: How can the world appear to be both permanent and changing? The world we perceive through the senses seems to be always changing. The world that we perceive through the mind, using our concepts, seems to be permanent and unchanging. Which is most real and why does it appear both ways? These are the arguments Plato sought to solve. The general structure of the solution: Plato splits up existence into two realms: the material realm and the transcendent realm of forms. Humans have access to the realm of forms through the mind, through reason, given Platos theory of the subdivisions of the human soul. This gives them access to an unchanging world, invulnerable to the pains and changes of the material world. By detaching ourselves from the material world and our bodies and developing our ability to concern ourselves with the forms, we find a value which is not open to change or disintegration. This solves the first, ethical, problem. Splitting existence up into two realms also solves the problem of permanence and change. We perceive a different world, with different objects, through our mind than we do through the senses. It is the material world, perceived through the senses, that is changing. It is the realm of forms, perceived through the mind, that is permanent and immutable. It is this world that is more real; the world of change is merely an imperfect image of this world. A form- This is an abstract property or quality. Take any property of an object; separate it from that object and consider it by itself, and you are contemplating a form. Platos characterization of forms to explain permanence and change: The forms are transcendent- This means that they do not exist in space and time. A material object, for instance a basketball, exists at a particular place at a particular time. A form, the roundness, does not exist at any place or time. Therefore a form such as roundness will never change; it does not even exist in time. It is the same at all times or places in which it might be instantiated. The forms are also pure- This means that they are pure properties separated from all other properties. A material object, such as a basketball, has many properties: roundness, ballness, orangeness, elasticity, etc. These are all put together to make up this individual basketball. But the form, Roundness, is just pure roundness, without any other properties mixed in. In virtue of the fact that all objects in this world are copies of the forms, the forms are the causes of all that exists in this world. In general, whenever you want to explain why something is the way that it is, you point to some properties that the object has. That is, you explain what forms the object is a copy of. The forms are causes in two closely related ways: The forms are the causes of all our knowledge of all objects. The forms contribute all order and intelligibility to objects. Since we can only know something insofar as it has some order or form, the forms are the source of the intelligibility of all material objects. The forms are also the cause of the existence of all objects. Things are only said to exist insofar as they have order or structure or form. Hence, the forms are the causes of the existence of all objects as well as of their intelligibility. Plato uses the sun metaphor to explain how the forms in general, and the form of the Good in particular, are causes in these two ways. Just as the sun gives light which allows us to see objects, the form of the Good provides order and intelligibility to allow us to know objects. Just as the sun provides the energy for the nourishment and growth of all living things, so the form of the Good provides the order and structure which is the source of the existence of all things. REASON WHY WE THINK ARISTOTLES ARGUMENT IS MORE CREDIBLE: In place of Platos doctrine of Ideas with a separate and eternal existence of their own, Aristotle proposed a group of universals that represent the common properties of any group of real objects. The universals, unlike Platos Ideas, have no existence outside of the objects they represent. Aristotle sought a general combined principal approach, unlike Plato who insisted that the forms are the causes of the existence of all objects as well as of their intelligibility. Not implying that Plato was wrong but that Aristotles attribution of change to 3 principals seems to be logically acceptable i.e He did not separate Form from Privation nor from Matter. Form and matter, therefore, make up a substantial unity; one cannot have form without matter, nor matter without some form. But, one can still distinguish these principles, and also understand that these principles are real features of the things that exhibit them. Aristotle thought that Platos theory of forms with its two separate realms failed to explain what it was meant to explain. That is, it failed to explain how there could be permanence and order in this world and how we could have objective knowledge of this world. By separating the realm of forms from the material realm, Plato made it impossible to explain how the realm of forms made objectivity and permanence possible in the material world. The objectivity and permanence of the realm of forms does not help to explain the material world because the connection between the two worlds is so hard to understand. Aristotle and the Aristotelian philosophers used logic to criticize the theory. Gail fine went to an extreme to say: The theory of form is an unnecessary proposal. There is no need to split the world up into two separate realms in order to explain objectivity and permanence in our experience.6 Aristotle elaborated this general criticism into two more particular objections: 1. The obscurity of the notion imitation: According to Plato, material objects participate in or imitate the forms. It is in virtue of this relation to the realm of forms that material objects are knowable and have order. Yet, Aristotle argues, it is almost impossible to explain what exactly this participation or imitation is. The properties that the forms have (eternal, unchanging, transcendent, etc. ) are all incompatible with material objects. How, for example, can a white object be said to participate in or copy the form of whiteness? Is the form of whiteness white itself? How can there be whiteness without any thingwhich is white? What can a white object and the form of whiteness be said to have in common? It seems that the metaphor of imitation or participation seems to break down in these cases because of the special properties that Plato ascribes to the forms. The only link between the realm of forms and the material world, then, breaks down. The forms cannot explain anything in the material world. 2. The third man argument: This argument was first given by Plato himself in his later dialogues. It is related to the first objection, but is a more technical way of getting at the main problem with the theory of forms. The resemblance between any two material objects is explained by Plato in terms of their joint participation in a common form. A red book and a red flower, for example, resemble each other in virtue of being copies of the form of redness. Because they are copies of this form, they also resemble the form. But this resemblance between the red object and the form of redness must also be explained in terms of another form. What form does a red object and the form of redness both copy to account for their similarity? Whenever someone proposes another form that two similar things copy, we can always ask them to explain the similarity between the form and the objects. This will always require another form. The notion of imitation or copying used in the theory of forms, then, runs into logical difficu lties. The theory of forms really explains nothing about the similarity of objects; another form is always needed beyond the one proposed. Thus to explain the similarity between a man and the form of man, one needs a third form of man, and this always requires another form. The explanation of the original similarity is never given; it is only put off to the next level. This criticism paved the way for further criticism. As there was no logical connection between the transcendent forms and the material world, so many critics raised a question about the epistemological dimensions of this theory. Plato was of the view that real knowledge was knowledge of form and the ideal destiny of a man was to reach the realm of forms. But he didnt mentioned how to reach that realm. As it was above this material world, so whether there was a way to reach that realm in ones life or only death could take a man in that ideal realm. The idea of forms was very abstract and it wasnt clear enough to be accepted, un criticized. Plato didnt write much about his theory of forms and most of the written work was also not preserved. Pheodo was the first book to have this theory and later on in republic he explained it a bit. But this explanation was too little to make the theory clear. So the explanation was mostly rendered by the commentators of the theory. This became the major source of criticism on this theory. CONCLUSION: The criticism of Aristotle and Aristotelian philosophers, on this theory, is mostly of explanatory type. Had Plato written more or his books had been preserved, there might not have been that strong criticism on this theory. Even then the theory was powerful enough to split the philosophy and philosophers in two parts. Though a group of philosophers dont agree with the content of the theory but even they accept that this theory provided human beings with s new way to think and perceive the universe.

The Rocking Horse :: essays research papers fc

Within the story entitled The Rocking Horse Winner by D.H. Lawrence, the audience is divulged into the sordid family life of a adolescent boy named Paul, where there are three obvious morals told through the story’s style and symbolism. Also present within The Rocking Horse Winner are elements of supernaturalism and cold harsh reality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first distinct moral in The Rocking Horse Winner is that we must not let ourselves be succumbed to greed and the need for materialistic items over our responsibilities in life. The mother and father’s obsession with wealth and material items is at battle with their parenting responsibilities within The Rocking Horse Winner. The mother and father have replaced love with the constant, overwhelming desire for additional money. It is the responsibility of the parents to provide for the children in their family. Especially, where as young children are concerned, they should never feel the need to provide for their parents. The Rocking Horse Winner portrays the financial destruction of an upper class family struggling to maintain their high level status while regularly spending beyond their means. The mother and father have expensive tastes that can not be supported with their mere common jobs. In order to give their family the best and retain their illicit s tatus, both parents embezzle all of their resources to -1- purchase materialistic things. The Rocking Horse Winner depicts how greed and the need possessions and money drives a member of this upper class family to resort to drastic measures. (Lawrence; The Rocking Horse Winner Study Guide)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second obvious moral to The Rocking Horse Winner is that often one does not realize what they have and how they we feel about it until it is gone. Early on within the story we learned that Paul’s mother had attractive, bonny children. Yet, â€Å"when her children were present she always felt the center of heart go hard†. She knew â€Å"that there was a place in the center of her heart where she could not feel love for anybody, not even her children†. Later on in the story, the mother goes on to show her emotions and love when she has â€Å"seizures of uneasiness† about Paul and finds him fiercely riding his rocking horse into unconsciousness and finally plumaging to his death. When she is presented with losing her child, she realizes what she had, a little too late. (Lawrence p.980, 988)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The third apparent moral to The Rocking Horse Winner is even if you have good luck, eventually it will run out.